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Radiological Sciences Technology Program
Course code and name:
RAD 206, Nuclear medicine physics and equipment
Instructor:
Dr. Saddig D. Jastaniah
(Ph.D., School of Electronics and Physical Sciences, Surrey Univ., UK, Chairman, Medical Physics Division, KAU).
Text:
Physics in Nuclear Medicine, 3rd edition. Simon R. Cherry, James A. Sorenson & Michael E. Phelps, Saunders, Inc., Philadelphia, 2003.
Recommended Reference:
Nuclear Medicine Physics, 5th edition, R. Chandra, William & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1998.
Main Objective:
This introductory course is designed to prepare students for advanced studies in the physics of nuclear medicine and for delivery of technical services to nuclear medicine clinics. General of physical principles of nuclear medicine, its applications and instrumentation will be introduced to the students through out the course.
Detailed objectives:
To understand:
- Physics background that applies in the field of nuclear medicine technique.
- The correlation between algebraic and physical principles to atomic structure and radiation.
- Production of radio nuclides (natural and artificial)
- Radiation physics (particulate and non-particulate)
- Calculations of radioactive decay
- Radio-pharmaceutical production and use in nuclear medicine
- Radiation shielding
- Radiation detection instruments (imaging and non imaging)
- Overview on the design, performance characteristics, and quality control testing of basic Anger camera systems and Computed Tomography systems (SPECT and PET) in nuclear medicine.
Course Outline:
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Units / Weeks
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Topic
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4
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GENERAL INTRODUCTION:
Tracer-method
Isotopes, Marker, Radio-pharmaceuticals
Production of Radioactive nuclides (Tc-99m)
Introduction to the scintillation counter
Introduction to the Gamma camera
Introduction to the CT (SPECT, PET) in nuclear medicine
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4
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PHYSICAL BACKGROUND:
Atomic structure (shell & nucleus)
Chart of nuclides
Transition law, half life, effective half life
Activity, specific activity, activity concentration
Radioactive equilibrium
Transition/Decays: α, β-, β+, EC, spontaneous fission
g-radiation, Isomers, IC
Interaction of radiation with matter
- α (average range, shielding, incorporation, therapy)
- β (practical range, maximum range, shielding, therapy)
- g (attenuation, scatter, diagnostic)
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4
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MEASUREMENTS EQUIPMENTS:
Radiation detection
- Scintillation Detector
- Amplifier, Discriminator, Counter
- Multichannel analyzer
Special Nuclear medicine equipment
- Functional assays (e.g. Radio-Iodine test)
- Gamma Camera (e.g. Bone scintigraphy)
- Positron-Emission-Tomography (e.g. Epilepsy)
- Prob counters: well counter, prob changers, multi crystal counters
Activimeter
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2
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Quality assurance in nuclear medicine
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1
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Production, transport and handling of radio-active nuclides
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Lab. 1 (Radiopharmaceutical compounding & QC)
Lab. 2 (Radiation safety)
Lab. 3 (Energy spectroscopy)
Lab. 4 (Anger camera basics)
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